DNA methylation, a natural process whereby a methyl group is typically added to a cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG), modifies gene expression without changing DNA sequence. Sensitive to exposures ...

Causal inference in complex systems has been largely promoted by the proposal of some advanced temporal causation models. However, temporal models have serious limitations when time series data are ...

Although it is the goal of most statistical investigation, causal inference has traditionally been ignored by statistical theory. Fortunately, there is now intense activity in a number of fields, ...

Contrary to the statistician's slogan, in the quantum world, certain kinds of correlations do imply causation. New research shows that in quantum mechanics, certain kinds of observations will let you ...