Are the biggest and most bulging calf muscles necessarily the most powerful? The scientists behind new research into muscle architecture say it's not the size of a muscle that delivers the most force, ...

$$\begin{array}{c}{F}_{V}{\prime} /{F}_{M}{\prime}={F}_{V}/{F}_{M}\times \left(1-f\left({NPQ}\right)\right),\\ {{{\rm{with}}}}f\left({NPQ}\right)=\frac{\left(1-{F}_{V ...

Muscle belly elongation due to passive lengthening is frequently presumed to be equivalent to that of fascicles. However, researchers have now revealed that since the muscle fascicle arrangement is ...

Sexual reproduction is a fundamental phase in the life cycle of most diatoms. Despite its role as a source of genetic variation, it is rarely reported in natural circumstances and its molecular ...